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Exhaust Emissions Testing

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Before passenger cars can be type approved for sale in the European Union they must meet certain standards for exhaust emissions. The more stringent Euro 4 limits specified in Directive 98/69, were introduced on 1st January 2005 and became fully effective on 1st January 2007. In late June 2007, European Regulation EC/715/2007 introduced Euro 5 and Euro 6 limits. New model types may now be approved to the Euro 5 standard and this will be compulsory for all new cars from 1st January 2011. As with the fuel consumption tests a single vehicle representative of a particular version is tested.

Because of the nature of testing procedures the type approval emission figures listed in the tables should be treated with caution and specifically should not be used to rank a number of vehicles for which similar figures are quoted.

Tables of Emission Limits relating to vehicles listed in this database

Table 1: Cars not exceeding 2.5 tonnes laden – Euro 4 – Directive 98/69/EC

Number of seats Fuel
Limit values (gm/km)
Implementation Dates
CO HC NOx HC+NOx PM Type Approval of new models All models
up to 9 P
1.00 0.10 0.08 - - 01/01/05 01/01/06
up to 9 D
0.50 - 0.25 0.30 0.025 01/01/05 01/01/06

Table 1a: Cars not exceeding 2.5 tonnes laden – Euro 5 – EC Regulation EC/715/2007

Number of seats Fuel
Limit values (mg/km)
Implementation Dates
CO THC NMHC NOx THC+NOx PM P Type Approval of new models All models
up to 9 P
1000 100 68 60 - 5.0/4.5 - 1/09/09 1/01/11
up to 9 D
500 - - 180 230 5.0/4.5 6,0 x 1011 1/09/09 1/01/11

Table 2: Cars more than 2.5 tonnes laden (unladen weight between 1305 and 1760 kg) – Euro 4 – Directive 98/69/EC

Number of seats Fuel
Directive
Limit values (gm/km)
Implementation Dates
CO HC NOx HC+NOx PM Type Approval of new models All models
up to 9 P
98/69/EC 1.81 0.13 0.10 - - 01/01/06 01/01/07
up to 9 D
98/69/EC 0.63 - 0.33 0.39 0.04 01/01/06 01/01/07

Table 3: Cars more than 2.5 tonnes fully laden (unladen weight over 1760kg) – Euro 4 – Directive 98/69/EC

Number of seats Fuel
Directive
Limit values (gm/km)
Implementation Dates
CO HC NOx HC+NOx PM Type Approval of new models All models
up to 9 P
98/69/EC 2.27 0.16 0.11 - - 01/01/06 01/01/07
up to 9 D
98/69/EC 0.74 - 0.39 0.46 0.06 01/01/06 01/01/07

Key P- Petrol, D – Diesel, CO – Carbon Monoxide, HC – Hydrocarbons, NOx – Oxides of Nitrogen,
PM – Particulate mass.

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